The full register

Everything, in one table

The whole roster in chain order. This is the dense form; the front page carries the edit.

StagePieceWhat it coversSectionLength
01 The first server Tim Berners-Lee wrote it on a NeXT cube at CERN, and the protocol it spoke is recognisably the one still in use. Origins Long piece
01 The standards split The W3C and the WHATWG went different ways on HTML and eventually converged again. Origins Full piece
01 Why nothing is ever removed The web cannot break old pages, so every mistake is permanent. Origins Short piece
02 DNS from the root The name is resolved by walking down a hierarchy from the root, with caching at every step. Resolution Full piece
02 TTL and staleness A cached answer has a lifetime, which is why a change takes time to be seen everywhere. Resolution Full piece
02 Anycast The same address answered by many machines, and the network decides which. Resolution Short piece
03 The certificate chain Your browser trusts a small set of roots, and everything else is vouched for down a chain from one of them. Trust Full piece
03 What the padlock does not mean It says the connection is private, not that the site is honest. Trust Full piece
03 Revocation Withdrawing trust from a certificate turns out to be much harder than granting it. Trust Short piece
04 The critical path Stylesheets block rendering because nothing can be laid out until the rules are known, and a font can hold text invisible while it loads. Rendering Long piece
04 Reflow and repaint Changing geometry costs far more than changing colour, and knowing which is which is most of performance work. Rendering Full piece
04 Parsing before the download ends The tree is built incrementally, which is why a badly placed script stalls everything. Rendering Short piece
05 Specificity A scoring system decides which rule wins, and it is not the one that appears last. The Cascade Full piece
05 Inheritance Some properties pass down the tree and some do not, and the list is arbitrary history. The Cascade Short piece
05 Who designed it Håkon Wium Lie proposed style sheets and Bert Bos shaped what became CSS. The Cascade Full piece
06 The same spec, two results Specifications leave gaps, and each engine fills them differently. Where Browsers Differ Full piece
06 Prefixes and their legacy Vendor prefixes were meant to be temporary and became permanent. Where Browsers Differ Short piece
06 Testing what you cannot see Conformance suites exist because agreement has to be demonstrated, not assumed. Where Browsers Differ Full piece